Page 164 - 臺灣原住民族法學期刊第一卷第八期
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ၽᝄࡡИ͏ૄجኪcୋɞಂ
ਖ਼ᕚజኬ
ɽϓ̨ᝄܛࢪԫਕה
̋ࣅɽ௰৷ج৫jߕࡡИ͏
ί̋ࣅɽԮϞࡡИ͏ᛆл
̋ ࣅ ɽ ௰ ৷ ج ৫ (Supreme Court of Canada) 2021 ϋ 4 ˜ 23 ˚ ఱ R. v.
1
Desautel(2021 SCC 17j38734) ɔ ࣩ ܁ ̺ к Ӕd ༈ Ӕ ၪ ܵ ɨ ॴ ج ৫ ఱ ԫ
ɛ Desautel ऒ ༼ ˀ ͛ ਗ ي ج (Wildlife Act) ɔ ࣩ ה Ъ ʘ ೌ ໆ Ӕ ֛d у Դ
Desautel ݊ߕ֢͏ձʮ͏d̋ࣅɽ௰৷ج৫ʥкӔʕٵႩ Desautel ̋ࣅɽʔ
ΐᗵࡩࡐˢԭᇋಳήਜ (Arrow Lakes area of British Columbia) ٙࡡИ͏ޕᓳᛆd
̙ፗఱࡡИ͏ᛆлʘ༨БԴͭɨɓࡈԢf
2010 ϋ 10 ˜dߕʮ͏ʿ֢͏ Desautel ί̋ࣅɽʔΐᗵࡩࡐˢԭ࢛૨ɓ৳
ᓁd˼છೌੂޕᓳdϾ༼ˀʔΐᗵࡩࡐˢԭ͛ਗيجୋ 11 ૢୋ 1
ಛ֛ٙfDesautel ۆ˴ੵՉԮϞ̋ࣅɽ 1982 ϋኮج(Constitution Act, 1982)
ୋ 35 ૢୋ 1 ಛٙࡡИ͏ޕᓳᛆdΪމ˼݊ߕശସψ߅ဧၪဧΝຑໝ (the
Colville Confederated Tribes based in the State of Washington) ʕಳغໝ (Lakes
Tribe) ٙɓࡰdಳغໝ݊ Sinixt ૄʘܝdוᘱІ Sinixt ૄd˼̋ࣅɽʔΐᗵ
ࡩࡐˢԭ Sinixt ૄෂ୕ჯਹʫ࢛૨ᓁd᙮ࡡИ͏ޕᓳᛆٙΥجБԴf
ج৫ఱ 1982 ϋኮجୋ 35 ૢʕٙ̋ࣅɽࡡИ͏ɓ൚ٙήਹᇍఖ̈อٙ༆
ᙑdႩ֛ಳغໝ̋ࣅɽʔΐᗵࡩࡐˢԭቋՑߕശସψdܝ٫у᙮ෂ୕
ჯਹ̤ٙɓʱdቋԨ͊ኬߧಳغໝ̰̘ՉԒ΅אЪމ Sinixt ૄܝٙήЗd
ɰΪϾٵႩ༈ʊቋʘಳغໝʥމ̋ࣅɽࡡИ͏ٙɓʱd݂ኮجୋ 35 ૢٙࡡ
И͏ᛆл̙ܼ̍ڢ̋ࣅɽʮ͏א֢͏ٙࡡИ͏fج֜Ⴉމ Desautel ί Sinixt ૄෂ୕
ჯਹʫהආБٙତ˾ޕᓳݺਗd݊ዝ̦ɪ Sinixt ૄίટᙃՑᆄݲಟ͏٫ۃ݅Ϟ୦ڳ
(pre-contact practice) ַٙᚃdІᏐաՑኮجࡡИ͏ᛆлٙڭღfج৫ٵႩ༈ࣩቇ͜
1996 ϋהܔͭʘߪᅃͤत༊ج(Van der Peet test)dܸ̈ஹᚃʘႩ֛Ԩ
ڢ್ܸ̀ஹᚃБԴᛆлdϾ݊০࿁त֛ԫྼݺਗ (highly fact-specific exercise)f
್Ϟʱج֜̈ՈʔΝจԈdႩމಳغໝତʦΌʊ֛֢ߕྤʫd݂
Desautel Ԩڢ̋ࣅɽࡡИ͏ʘɓࡰdІʔ̋ࣅɽʔΐᗵࡩࡐˢԭБԴࡡИ͏
ᛆfуԴɽεᅰɛٵႩ̋ࣅɽࡡИ͏ɓ൚͵ܼ̍̋ࣅɽྤ̮ٙᗫྠdШఱ
1cR. v. Desautel, 2021 SCC 17 (CanLII)
162
