Page 87 - 第二屆原住民族傳統習慣規範與國家法制研討會論文集
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顧坤惠    財產關係:幾個人類學觀點




                                              財產關係:幾個人類學觀點
                                     Property Relations: Anthropological Approaches


                                                         顧坤惠






                   Overview



                       •  Lewis Henry Morgan (1818-1881) —associated development of ideas of
                          property with social evolution – commencement of civilization.



                       •  Henry James Sumner Maine    (1822 —1888) – complexity of the ―bundle of
                          powers’ in property—mixing of political and economic power and the
                          different layers of tenure in the feudal period. India v.s. Britan private
                          property/individual rights



                       •  Marcel Mauss (1872 –1950) –


                       •  The Gift [1925]) – changes in how people relate to one another via things

                          indicates a history of changing ideas of property.


                   *Bronislaw Malinowski (1884–1942) -- (1935: Coral Gardens) and Raymond Firth
                   (1901-2002)--(1939: Polynesia Economy) both dealt with the individual and

                   communal ownership in ethnographic terms.


                   *      ―Notes and Queries‖(1892) 6th ed. (1951) – links the concepts of―property‖,
                   ―ownership‖ and ―rights‖.



                       •  Max Gluckman (1911-1975)-- (1965: Politics, Law and Ritual ) demonstrated
                          the close relationship between land ownership and social structure



                       •  Hoebel, E.A.(1906–1993) -- (1966: Anthropology): The essential nature of
                          property is to be found in Social Relations rather than in any attributes of the
                          thing or object that we call property…. a network of social relations that
                          governs the conduct of people with respect to the use and disposition of

                          “things‖.

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