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Sec.33. 宗教、文化場所與儀式之權利
原住民族文化社群/原住民族有權展現、實踐、發展與教育其精神與宗教傳統、習俗與儀
式;有權維持、保護與近用其宗教與文化場所;有權使用與控管儀式物品;以及有權返
回遺體。因此,國家應採取有效措施,與原住民族文化社群/原住民族合作確保原住民之
神聖地區,包括墓地,受到保存、尊重與保護。
為達此目的,下述行為視為非法:
a. 在未經原住民族文化社群/原住民族社群自由且事前告知之同意的情況下,為取得有
文化價值之物品,其考古遺址探勘、開墾或挖掘;
b. 毀損、移動或以其它方式摧毀對原住民族文化社群/原住民族保存其文化遺產極為重
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要之製品 。
Sec.34. 原住民族知識系統與習慣,以及發展自身科學與技術之權利
原住民族文化社群/原住民族尌其之文化與智慧權利,被肯認享有全面的所有權以及控管
與保護之權利。其有權主張特別措施以控管、發展與保護其科學、技術與文化表現,亦
包括人類與其他基因資源、種子、上述資源之衍生物、傳統醫藥、爐床技術、藥用植物、
動物與礦物、原住民知識系統與技術、動植物資產之知識、口述傳統、文學、設計以及
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視覺與表演藝術 。
在 1998 年「IPRA 實施規則與條例」中,另詳細列舉了受保護之文化表達包括有:
1)社群之智慧財產,2)宗教、文化位址及儀式,3)原住民族之文化表現。而在社群智慧
財產中,對於傳統智慧創作之相關標的有更詳細的規定,如原住民族文化社群/原住民族
過去、現在及未來的文化表現,亦包括考古及歷史遺址、人工製品、設計、儀式、技術
及視覺與表演藝術、文學、以及宗教、精神財產;語言、音樂、舞蹈、手稿、歷史、口
述傳統、紛爭解決機制、和平建立程序、生活哲學及教學體系之觀點等,均屬於受保護
之範疇。
根據「IPRA 實施規則與條例」,受特殊權利制度保護的原住民族傳統智慧創作財
產權的具體內容如下:
and customs.‖
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Id., Sec. 33. Rights to Religious, Cultural Sites and Ceremonies: ‖ICCs/IPs shall have the right to manifest,
practice, develop and teach their spiritual and religious traditions, customs and ceremonies; the right to
maintain, protect and have access to their religious and cultural sites; the right to use and control of ceremonial
objects; and, the right to the repatriation of human remains. Accordingly, the State shall take effective
measures, in cooperation with the ICCs/IPs concerned to ensure that indigenous sacred places, including burial
sites, be preserved, respected and protected.
To achieve this purpose, it shall be unlawful to: a) Explore, excavate or make diggings on archeological sites
of the ICCs/IPs for the purpose of obtaining materials of cultural values without the free and prior informed
consent of the community concerned;
and b) Deface, remove or otherwise destroy artifacts which are of great importance to the ICCs/IPs for the
preservation of their cultural heritage.‖
55 Id., Sec. 34. Right to Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Practices and to Develop own
Sciences and Technologies: ―ICCs/IPs are entitled to the recognition of the full ownership and control end
protection of their cultural and intellectual rights. They shall have the right to special measures to control,
develop and protect their sciences, technologies and cultural manifestations, including human and other genetic
resources, seeds, including derivatives of these resources, traditional medicines and hearth practices, vital
medicinal plants, animals and minerals, indigenous knowledge systems and practices, knowledge of the
properties of fauna and flora, oral traditions, literature, designs, and visual and performing arts.‖
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